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What is MAP Pricing in Ecommerce (and How to Leverage It)

by
in
Krzysztof (Kris) Szyszkiewicz
Head of Delivery, Partner
May 15, 2024
price

What is MAP Pricing in Ecommerce, and how can you leverage it to boost your online sales? Isn't it perplexing to see how the same product can be advertised at vastly different prices across various platforms?

In fact, statistics reveal that inconsistent pricing is one of the top frustrations for online shoppers. Contrary to what many might believe, maintaining a consistent price point could be the secret weapon in your e-commerce arsenal. This strategy, known as Minimum Advertised Price (MAP) pricing, not only helps preserve brand equity but also ensures a fair competitive landscape.

What is MAP Pricing?

MAP pricing, or Minimum Advertised Price, is the lowest price a retailer is allowed to advertise a product for sale, not necessarily the price at which it is sold.

How does MAP pricing work?

To grasp how MAP pricing operates, consider it as a strategic tool that manufacturers deploy to harmonize the advertised price of their products across various sales channels. Here's a step-by-step breakdown of the MAP pricing process:

  1. Establishment of MAP: The manufacturer sets a minimum advertised price, which is often in line with the manufacturer's suggested retail price. This ensures that advertised prices do not fall below a set level, preserving the brand's perceived value and premium status.
  2. Communication of MAP Policy: The manufacturer distributes the MAP policy to all retailers, detailing the minimum price at which products can be advertised. This policy is a legal document that binds retailers to adhere to the specified pricing.
  3. Monitoring Compliance: Brands employ MAP monitoring systems to track the advertised prices of their products across different retailer sites and platforms. This step is critical to ensure that all retailers are in compliance with the MAP policy.
  4. Enforcement Actions: When a retailer advertises below the minimum advertised price, it is considered a MAP violation. Manufacturers must then enforce MAP policies, which can include contacting the retailer to rectify the pricing or imposing penalties such as reduced supply or termination of the business relationship.
  5. Maintaining Fairness: Through enforcing a uniform advertised price, manufacturers help mitigate price wars among retailers, which can lead to price erosion. This also ensures that brick and mortar stores remain competitive with online retailers, maintaining a balanced retail environment.

Through these steps, MAP pricing not only helps protect the brand's products and brand identity but also supports fair market practices and stabilizes pricing strategies across different retail formats.

Benefits of MAP pricing for e-commerce

Preserving Premium Brand Integrity

Minimum advertised pricing safeguards the brand value, shielding premium brands from deep discounts that could harm their reputation. A consistent MAP price across retail platforms ensures that luxury brands maintain their high-status image. Customers perceive the brand’s products as high-quality investments when price stability reflects enduring worth rather than fluctuating discount trends.

Market Price Stability Through MAP Policies

Setting a price floor through MAP policies stabilizes retail pricing, curtailing the frequent price wars among competitors. Retailers, both online and offline, compete on service and availability rather than price, elevating the shopping experience. Such stability attracts consumers seeking reliability in both product value and pricing.

Fair Competition through Uniform Price Policies

Adhering to a MAP pricing policy levels the competitive field among retailers. Compliance with such pricing structures supports fair competition and adheres to antitrust laws, minimizing legal risks. Uniform adherence to minimum advertised prices across sellers preserves market balance, allowing all retailers to focus on service and innovation rather than aggressive price undercutting.

Strengthening Manufacturer-Retailer Relationships

MAP enforcement fosters healthier dynamics between brands and retailers. Retailers are motivated to support brands that offer stable pricing, avoiding the pitfalls of undercutting that often lead to friction and lost sales. Strong partnerships are essential for sustained retail success and future sales growth.

Effective Marketing Aligned with Pricing Policies

Adhering to MAP standards allows brands to control their market messaging, aligning advertised prices with overall marketing strategies. Keeping advertised prices at or above the minimum advertised price ensures promotional efforts reflect the premium nature of the product, avoiding mixed messages that can arise from inconsistent pricing. Such strategic alignment enhances consumer trust and supports a competitive edge in the marketplace.

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Minimum Advertised Price vs Manufacturer's suggested retail price

Here is the comparison between Minimum Advertised Price (MAP) and Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price (MSRP):

Purpose

MAP: Sets the lowest price at which a product can be advertised to consumers, maintaining price consistency across retailers.
MSRP: Suggests a selling price that retailers are advised but not required to follow, offering a guideline rather than a strict rule.

Legal Enforcement

MAP: Enforceable through legal documents that brands create to uphold the set price, with potential penalties for non-compliance.
MSRP: No legal enforcement exists; it serves more as a guideline for retailers, allowing flexibility in pricing.

Impact on Pricing

MAP: Prevents price wars by maintaining a price floor, which stabilizes prices and protects the brand’s position in the market.
MSRP: Often treated as a benchmark for pricing, though retailers may adjust prices higher or lower based on demand and competition.

Effect on Sales

MAP: Can limit deep discounts, potentially affecting sales volume if the minimum advertised price is set too high.
MSRP: Influences advertising strategies and can shape consumer perception of value, potentially affecting how products are marketed.

Retailer Compliance

MAP: Requires strict compliance from retailers, with enforcement measures in place for violations.
MSRP: Provides more flexibility, with retailers free to adjust prices above or below the suggested level without formal repercussions.

Brand Protection

MAP: Helps protect brand value and prevent brand erosion in competitive markets by controlling the lowest advertised prices.
MSRP: Offers less control over price consistency across different markets, which can lead to variations in perceived value.

Use in Online Retail

MAP: Crucial for ensuring that online retailers comply with the internet minimum advertised price, maintaining fairness among online and offline sales channels.
MSRP: Often adjusted by online retailers to stay competitive against other online and physical retail offerings.

This breakdown highlights the distinct roles and strategic implications of MAP and MSRP in retail pricing, demonstrating their different effects on market practices and brand management.

Examples of MAP pricing

Electronics Industry: Curbing Price Wars

In the electronics sector, where new products frequently launch and price competition is fierce, MAP pricing ensures that the sticker price remains consistent across various retailers. By implementing MAP policies, brands prevent a constant price war, maintaining the recommended retail price despite aggressive market pressures. This helps consumers perceive a fair price based on the value and technology offered, supporting the brand's reputation for quality and innovation. The MAP pricing legal framework is often outlined in agreements that specify penalties for map violators, ensuring that all retailers adhere to the set prices. These legal document brands create are crucial in keeping the pricing competitive yet fair, allowing consumers to trust the price they pay reflects the product’s value.

Fashion Retail: Protecting Brand Image

Luxury fashion brands often utilize MAP to maintain exclusivity and high perceived value. By setting a minimum advertised price that aligns with the brand's product prestige, these companies ensure that discounted prices do not dilute their brand equity. For instance, a luxury watchmaker might enforce MAP to keep the price expectations stable and prevent deep discounts that could make the brand seem less premium. This approach not only stabilizes the brand online but also in physical retail spaces, where pricing consistency helps maintain a luxury image. Adherence to MAP pricing policies prevents other retailers from undermining the brand through lower pricing, ensuring a uniform market presence.

Automotive Parts: Ensuring Fair Competition

In the automotive industry, manufacturers use MAP pricing to keep the wholesale price and final sale price aligned with market standards. This is crucial in an industry where both original equipment manufacturers and aftermarket parts compete. MAP helps manufacturers and brands maintain competitive advantage without sparking a price war, ensuring retailers sell products at prices that reflect their quality and market demand. Such MAP stands are vital for sustaining business relationships and trust between manufacturers and retailers. By enforcing these prices, brands ensure that msrp pricing guidelines are followed, which helps in maintaining market stability and fair competition among sellers.

Health and Beauty: Compliance and Market Stability

Health and beauty brands employ MAP pricing strategies to manage the suggested price alongside MSRP and MAP standards. This strategy is essential for new, innovative products where setting a competitive starting price can significantly affect advertising and market acceptance. Maintaining MAP compliance helps these brands avoid price fixing accusations under current competition laws, fostering a healthy competitive environment. The implementation of cookie cutter MAP policy, however, is avoided to adapt to the diverse range of products and market dynamics specific to the health and beauty industry. These tailored MAP pricing policies allow brands to flexibly respond to market changes while upholding their pricing standards.

Outdoor and Sports Equipment: Standardizing Pricing Across Platforms

For outdoor and sports equipment manufacturers, MAP is crucial in managing price expectations and ensuring that no other sellers undercut the market. This pricing strategy helps brands and manufacturers avoid map violations and enforce map pricing effectively. By identifying sellers not adhering to the agreed pricing, brands can maintain uniform prices across online and brick-and-mortar stores, ensuring all retailers have equal selling opportunities. Enforcing MAP not only protects the brand's value but also ensures that customers receive fair value for premium products. This legal adherence to MAP helps maintain a stable pricing environment, critical for brands that sell high-quality, durable goods.

Considering MAP Pricing for Your Business?

Deciding whether to implement Minimum Advertised Price (MAP) policies involves weighing several factors specific to your brand and market environment:

  • Market Stability: If your industry experiences frequent price undercutting and you wish to maintain market stability, MAP pricing can be an effective tool.
  • Brand Protection: For brands that are sensitive to perceived value and consumer perception, maintaining a MAP helps safeguard against brand devaluation.
  • Legal Compliance: Ensure your MAP policies comply with antitrust and pricing laws, which can vary significantly between regions.

Benefits to Consider:

  • Protects Margins: Prevents retailers from engaging in a price war, thus protecting profit margins across your distribution channels.
  • Fair Competition: Encourages retailers to compete on service and value rather than just price, which can enhance overall customer service.

When contemplating the adoption of MAP pricing, consider how it aligns with your overall sales strategy and brand objectives.  If preserving your brand's image and preventing market erosion are crucial, MAP could be a valuable strategy.

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Krzysztof (Kris) Szyszkiewicz
Head of Delivery, Partner

Certified expert in price, revenue and margin management in B2B companies and e-commerce. Member of the prestigious Professional Pricing Society. At Valueships, he is responsible for the implementation of consulting projects and taking care of the profitability of clients. Prior to joining Valueships, he worked at McKinsey & Company in the area of ​​pricing and strategy.

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Krzysztof (Kris) Szyszkiewicz
Head of Delivery, Partner

Certified expert in price, revenue and margin management in B2B companies and e-commerce. Member of the prestigious Professional Pricing Society. At Valueships, he is responsible for the implementation of consulting projects and taking care of the profitability of clients. Prior to joining Valueships, he worked at McKinsey & Company in the area of ​​pricing and strategy.